spark interest and oral-language readiness so children will listen and dare to speak.

注重兴趣与口语启蒙，让孩子会听敢说。

Develop a warm sense of familiarity with Chinese; enjoy listening to stories, singing songs, and playing games.

Use simple words to express needs (e.g., “I want water,” “Bye, Mum”).

Understand common daily instructions and questions (e.g., “Please sit,” “Clap your hands”).

Recognise and imitate reading simple picture word cards (e.g., 大, 小, 人, 家).

Be willing to speak in group activities, brave in imitation, and cultivate attentive listening.

Everyday expressions (greetings, thanks, requests).

Catchy, short 2–4 line rhymes (e.g., Little Bunny, Be Good).

With teacher guidance, draw what they want to express and share in Chinese to build expressive ability.

Picture+word pairing for common nouns (family members, body parts, animals, fruits).

Through rhythm, finger plays, and musical performances, enhance language experience.

Picture-rich, short-text stories to nurture focus and understanding.

• 对华文产生亲切感，喜欢听故事、唱儿歌、做游戏。

• 能用简单的词语表达需求（如：我要水、妈妈再见）。

• 听懂日常生活中常用的指令和提问（如：请坐、拍拍手）。

• 能识别并模仿性阅读简单图片字卡（如：大、小、人、家）。

• 在集体活动中愿意开口，敢于模仿，养成专注听讲的习惯。

• 常用日常用语（打招呼、感谢、请求）。

• 朗朗上口的2—4句简短儿歌（如：小兔子乖乖）。

• 通过老师的引导，画出自己想表达的内容，并用华文分享出来，培养语言表达能力。

• 图文配合的常见名词（家人称呼、身体部位、动物、水果）。

• 通过律动、手指游戏、音乐表演增强语言体验。

• 图画丰富、文字简短的故事，培养专注与理解。

add character recognition on the basis of existing interest.

在兴趣基础上增加认字

Use Chinese proactively in daily interaction; enjoy telling and asking questions.

Use short sentences to describe people and things around them (e.g., “I like apples”; “It’s raining today”).

Understand and respond to more complete instructions and questions.

Recognise 20–40 common basic characters and understand common vocabulary.

Develop habits of listening, turn-taking, and cooperative learning with peers.

Extend daily dialogue (greetings, preferences, simple narration).

Slightly longer pieces with stronger rhythm and movement.

More focused themes (friendship, family, manners); guide children to retell storylines.

Common nouns, verbs, adjectives (e.g., run, laugh, red, round); common environment words (school, home, weather).

20–40 high-frequency characters (人, 口, 手, 日, 月, 山, 水, 火, 家, 爸, 妈…).

Express personal life and stories through doodling and share in Chinese.

Role play (supermarket, family), handcrafts combined with language.

• 在日常交流中主动使用华文，喜欢讲述和提问。

• 能用短句描述身边的人和事（如：我喜欢苹果；今天下雨）。

• 听懂并能回应较完整的指令和问题。

• 能认读常见20–40个基础汉字，理解常用词汇。

• 培养倾听、轮流发言、与同伴合作的学习习惯。

• 扩展日常对话（问候、表达喜好、简单叙述）。

• 篇幅稍长的儿歌、节奏感强的律动歌。

• 主题更集中（友情、家庭、礼貌），引导孩子复述故事情节。

• 常见名词、动词、形容词（如：跑、笑、红、圆）；常见环境用语（学校、家、天气）。

• 20–40个高频汉字（人、口、手、日、月、山、水、火、家、爸、妈…）。

• 通过涂鸦活动，表达自己的生活和故事，并用华文分享出来。

• 角色扮演（超市、家庭）、手工绘画与语言结合。

spark interest, build listening–speaking foundations, basic character recognition and stroke exploration.

兴趣激发、听说启蒙、基础识字和笔画训练。

Inspire love for Chinese; enjoy stories, songs, and Chinese books.

Understand everyday Chinese instructions and simple dialogues; use words and short sentences to express needs and ideas.

Dare to speak Chinese in class interactions and communicate with teachers and peers.

Start recognising common characters and words; develop an interest in reading Chinese books.

Try expressing with symbols, strokes, or simple characters.

Experience Chinese culture through festivals, stories, and activities; build connections with family and community.

Cultivate language sense through songs, rhymes, and games.

Use Big Books and picture books for teacher-led reading and retelling.

Encourage using Chinese during classroom and peer interactions.

Learn common characters and words in life (e.g., names, item labels).

Practise strokes and simple characters via drawing and symbolic expression.

Celebrate traditional festivals, listen to folktales, and experience the blend of language and culture.

• 激发孩子对华文的兴趣，乐于听故事、唱儿歌、看中文图书。

• 能听懂日常中文指令和简单对话，能用词语和短句表达需要与想法。

• 在课堂互动中敢于开口说华文，与老师和同伴交流。

• 开始认识常见汉字和词语，对中文书籍产生阅读兴趣。

• 通过画符号、笔画或简单汉字，尝试用文字表达。

• 在节日、故事和活动中感受中华文化，建立与家庭、社区的联系。

通过歌曲、儿歌、童谣、游戏培养语感。

• 利用 Big Books 和绘本，进行教师带读与复述。

• 在课堂与同伴互动时，鼓励孩子使用华文。

• 认识生活中常见的汉字和词语（如姓名、物品标签）。

• 在绘画与符号表达中，逐步练习笔画和简单汉字。

• 参与传统节日庆祝、听民间故事，体验语言与文化的结合。

further develop speaking–listening expression, expand recognition to ~100–150 characters, begin Pinyin writing, and prepare for primary Chinese learning.

进一步提升听说表达能力，扩大识字量至约100-150字，初步掌握拼音书写，为小学华文学习做好准备。

oNurture interest and familiarity with Chinese / mother tongue; be willing to use Chinese in daily life.

oMake Chinese one of the languages children enjoy using for participation and expression.

oUnderstand more complete sentences, instructions, and stories and respond appropriately.

oUse more connected Chinese to express ideas, describe simple situations, and recount experiences.

oBased on listening to and understanding stories, nursery rhymes, and rhymed verse, begin to recognise elements of literacy such as characters, words, and sentence structure.

oWith support, understand, point to, and imitate writing simple characters and words.

oMaster common daily vocabulary (nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.) and phrases; use flexibly across contexts.

oUnderstand and use simple sentence patterns, description, comparison, and expression.

oThrough stories, festivals, and traditional elements, feel Chinese culture, strengthening confidence and identity.

oIn language experiences, become aware of the links among language, culture, etiquette, and communication.

oBuild foundations in interest, listening–speaking, and early literacy to transition smoothly to primary-level Chinese.

oCultivate good habits: attentive listening, retelling, reading aloud, and noticing forms (character shapes, strokes).

Storytelling and discussion, dialogue practice, role-play. Teacher tells stories; children answer questions, retell plots, and role-play.

Short rhymes, nursery rhymes, rhymed sentences/poems; children recite, memorise, and sing with actions or rhythm.

Use richly illustrated short storybooks; tell stories together, explore image–text relations, and predict story development.

Learn common words, collocations, and simple sentence patterns; meet new words in stories or pictures and try them in speech.

Identify high-frequency and common characters through cards and games.

Line practice, stroke imitation, simple writing; practise straight lines, horizontals/verticals/bends, and trace simple strokes.

Hands-on tasks, spelling games, word-card matching, riddles; consolidate forms and meanings through play.

Chinese festivals, traditional stories, hands-on arts (e.g., Lunar New Year, Dragon Boat Festival stories, paper-cutting, calligraphy, ink painting).

Home reading and Chinese conversations; parents read Chinese picture books with children and talk about the day in Chinese.

• 培养孩子对华文 / 母语语言的兴趣与亲切感，愿意在日常生活中尝试使用华文。

• 让华文成为孩子乐于参与和表达的语言之一。

• 能听懂较完整的句子、指令与故事内容，并能作出适当回应。

• 能用华文较连贯地表达自己的想法、描述简单情境与讲述经历。

• 在倾听与理解故事、儿歌、押韵诗词的基础上，开始认识文字、词语、句子结构等读写要素。

• 能在辅助下理解、指认、模仿书写简单文字和字词。

• 掌握日常生活中常用词汇（名词、动词、形容词等）和短语，能在多种语境下灵活运用。

• 理解和使用简单的句型、描述、比较与表达。

• 通过故事、节日、传统文化元素，让孩子感受华文文化，增强文化自信与语言认同感。

• 在语言体验中，意识到语言与文化、礼仪、交际的关系。

• 在兴趣、听说、早期读写三方面打基础，为进入小学阶段的华文科目过渡做准备。

• 培养良好的语言学习习惯，如倾听、复述、朗读、观察语言形式（字形、笔画）等。

• 故事讲述与讨论、对话练习、角色扮演。老师讲述华文故事，孩子回答问题、重述情节、参与角色扮演。

• 简短儿歌、童谣、押韵句子或诗词，孩子朗诵、背诵、伴随着动作或节奏唱歌。

• 以图文并茂的短故事书为媒介，集体讲故事，探讨图文关系、预测故事走向。

• 常用词汇学习、短语搭配、简单句型。在故事或图片中认识新词，并让孩子在口语中试用。

• 高频字、常见字的识别，引导孩子认识一些常见汉字（通过字卡、游戏）。

• 线条练习、笔画模仿、简单书写。孩子练习直线、横竖折，描画简单汉字笔画。

• 操作活动、拼字游戏、字词卡片配对、语言谜语练习。通过游戏方式巩固词语、字形与意思。

• 中华节日、传统故事、手工体验。如农历新年、端午节故事、剪纸、书法、国画体验等。

• 家庭阅读、亲子华文对话活动。家长与孩子一起阅读华文绘本、用华文说一说一天的经历。